SOCIOLINGUISTICS

Language varities
People use language because they need language to communicate each other. they use language with different aspect to get their goal. They chose many variant of language that they’ll usage. The variety include: languages, dialects, accents, registers, styles or other sociolinguistic variation, as well as the standard variety itself. Language that they usage was inluented by norms, and social status. Sociolinguitics determine language that usage that influent by social status and the functional of language. Its also call varnacular.
a. vernacular language
vernacular language is used as a native language in a single speaker community.
Characteristics of vernacular language
1. language is non-standard
2. languag inharit from familiy/community
3. it is finite function
example : Minang language
b. francas language
A lingua franca is a general language that use to make communication between people without use their mother tongue language, especially when it is language distinct from both mother tongues
Example : indonesia language that use in our country

c. pidgin and croel
pidgin
A pidgin is language that use two or more groups that do not have francas language or language that use in common. In this case, both of group speak a language different from language of their group or community A pidgin is not the native language of any speech community, but is instead learned as a second language. A pidgin may be built from words, sounds, or body language from multiple other languages and cultures. Pidgins usually have low prestige
creole
A creole language is a language that born from pidgin that has become nativized. Most often, the vocabulary comes from the dominant group and the grammar from the subordinate group, where such stratification exists.
Example : most indonesia vocabulary is from melayu cause it is dominant.
Language, dialect, and varieties
Language may refer either to the specifically human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication, or to a specific instance of such a system of complex communication. The scientific study of language in any of its senses is called linguistics.
Language is:
• A mental faculty, organ or instinct
• A formal symbolic system
• A tool for communication
Dialect
Dialect is speaking that refers to geographical variant language. It is denote to a geographically distint variety of a language.
Variety
Variety is variant language that used in society. language variation used in many reason, such as norms, social status to give some respect to other people. It is variety lead to use of term dialect.
There are a number of further labels which are used to refer to language variation along various axes. Students should be aware of at least the following three terms.
Diatopic Refers to variation in language on a geographical level.
Diastratic Refers to variation in language between social classes.
Diachronic Refers to variation in language over time.
standard language
A standard language (also standard dialect or standardized dialect) is a language variety used by a group of people in their public discourse. Language that exist in dictionary, use in goverment, many instation,social, politic. Formal language